As no doubt expected here's my take on it.
Firstly if the job was in Exmouth I'd be surprised if it was anhydrite as there is only 1 supplier down there from Ashburton and I don't think they would go as far as Exmouth. It was most likely hemi hydrate. I stand to be corrected of course.
In terms of the failure it sounds like simple lack of surface penetration. This could have been dust or it could have been surface contanmination or simply that the surface had not been sanded (although I know you are saying it was).
I am not sure about the Kerakoll primer in terms of polymer content but I have seen lots of these types of primers (simple acrylic water dispersed) which need to be heavily diluted to get them to penetrate the screed surface. I don't like these primers personally and agree with TT that an epoxy is better. Usually a water dispersible epoxy diluted 1:1 (e.g. Screed master epoxy). I posted some pics a while ago showing the kerakoll addy but I can't find the thread now. That was laid on an epoxy and there have been no issues at all with that job. The H40 Ideal does seem to work well as I have seen it used with and without primer. Trouble is if the primer don't get into the screed surface it matters not what addy you use cos it will fail.
This one was not an ettringite failure as it happened too quickly. Epoxy works much better against ettrignite when using cement based addy.
Firstly if the job was in Exmouth I'd be surprised if it was anhydrite as there is only 1 supplier down there from Ashburton and I don't think they would go as far as Exmouth. It was most likely hemi hydrate. I stand to be corrected of course.
In terms of the failure it sounds like simple lack of surface penetration. This could have been dust or it could have been surface contanmination or simply that the surface had not been sanded (although I know you are saying it was).
I am not sure about the Kerakoll primer in terms of polymer content but I have seen lots of these types of primers (simple acrylic water dispersed) which need to be heavily diluted to get them to penetrate the screed surface. I don't like these primers personally and agree with TT that an epoxy is better. Usually a water dispersible epoxy diluted 1:1 (e.g. Screed master epoxy). I posted some pics a while ago showing the kerakoll addy but I can't find the thread now. That was laid on an epoxy and there have been no issues at all with that job. The H40 Ideal does seem to work well as I have seen it used with and without primer. Trouble is if the primer don't get into the screed surface it matters not what addy you use cos it will fail.
This one was not an ettringite failure as it happened too quickly. Epoxy works much better against ettrignite when using cement based addy.